Studies and Analysis

Introductory

Brenton, Lancelot. An Historical Account of the Septuagint Version. 1851. Scriptorium. Mirror: CCEL. Introduction to his translation. Not the ideal place to start, given its age, but of some interest for considering how the LXX was perceived in the 19th c.
Encyclopedia Brittanica. Septuagint. Again, not the ideal place to start, but very thorough and interesting.
Harl, Marguerite, Gilles Dorival, O. Munnich. La Bible grecque des Septante. Written in French, this volume is one of the most engaging and interesting introductions to the Septuagint. PDF.
Harl, Marguerite. La place de la Septante dans les Études bibliques. Originally appeared in Esprit et Vie 65.1 (Sept 2002). Topics include surveys of the history of the LXX, its reevaluation in the 20th c., and its reception in the Church Fathers.
Swete, H. B. An Introduction to the Septuagint. CCEL, 1914. The classic essay on the Septuagint by one of the significant critical scholars in the early 20th c. of the LXX text.
Thackeray, J. Septuagint. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 1915. Bible Researcher.
Vander Heeren, A. Septuagint Version. Catholic Encyclopedia, 1912. Old, but still a good general introduction.
Wikipedia. Septuagint. An ever-changing, but informative and interesting, introduction to the LXX.

Other Septuagint Pages

Decker, Rodney J. LXX Resources.
Jones, R. Grant. Notes on the Septuagint.
Marlowe, Michael. Articles on the Septuagint. Bible Researcher.
St. Pachomius Library. Septuagint, or Version of the Seventy, and other Greek versions of the Old Testament.
Sources chretiennes. Links to the Bible.
Williams, Tyler F. Resources Relating to the LXX.

LXX: manuscripts and grammars

Drum, Walter. Manuscripts of the Bible Catholic Encyclopedia, 1914. Includes a useful list of LXX mss.
Muccigrosso, John D. Papyrology Home Page. Drew. Useful links to images of LXX papyri.
Kraft, Robert A. Some Observations on Early Papyri and MSS for LXX/OG Study. University of Pennsylvania. Notes on research on pre-Constantinian LXX sources.
Kraft, Robert A. The 'Textual Mechanics' of Early Jewish LXX/OG Papyri and Fragments. University of Pennsylvania. Study of Jewish and Christian scribal habits.
Kraft, Robert A. Treatment of the Greek Textual Variants. From Kraft & Tov. Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint Studies (CATSS), Vol. 1, Ruth. Ioudaios-L listserv. Must be a member of Ioudaios-L to read this file using the first link.
Thackeray, Henry St. John. A Grammar of the Old Testament in Greek According to the Septuagint. Vol. 1, Introduction, Orthography and Accidence. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1909. Very large PDF (18 MB) of Thackeray's famous grammar.

Translation techniques in the LXX and parallel versions

Cimosa, Mario. Translating the Old Testament II. Article on the translation of proskunein in Genesis.
Cook, Johann. The Translator(s) of the Septuagint of Proverbs. Critical assessment of the unique translation technique of LXX Proverbs.
Litteral, John. Greek Minor Prophets (Dead Sea Scrolls). Comparison of Dead Sea Scroll manuscript 8HevXIIgr with Septuagint and other ancient Greek translations.
Lust, Johan. A Lexicon of Symmachus' Special Vocabulary in His Translation of the Psalms TC, 2000.
Mozley, F. W. The Psalter of the Church. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1905. 57 MB file of a scan of Mozley's comparison of the LXX Psalter to the Hebrew.

LXX and the canon of Scripture

Bandstra, Barry L. Canons of the Old Testament. Wadsworth Publishing, 1999.
Chin, Mitrophan (Nelson). Anaginoskomena. Introduction to the anagignoskomena, the rough Eastern Orthodox equivalent for "apocrypha" or "deuterocanonical"; literally, "anagignoskomena" means "unread material." The article considers the place of the various books in their ms. tradition and has a link to their KJV translation.
Jones, R. Grant. Books of the Septuagint. Table comparing Rahlfs' canon with that found in codices Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, and Siniaticus.
Sundberg, Albert C. "The Old Testament of the Early Church" Revisited. Monmouth College, 1997. Reflection on the current debate on the canon. Written by a scholar who significantly altered scholarly understanding of the Hebrew canon.
Zampino, Rev. David A. A Table Depicting Old Testament Books Recognized as Canonical By Various Christian Churches With Annotations and Comments. Nashotah House, 1998.

LXX and New Testament

Engmann, Philip. A Comparative Study of the LXX and MT Vorlage Old Testament (OT) Quotations in the New Testament Book of Hebrews. Central University College, Accra, Ghana, 2001.
Jones, R. Grant. The Septuagint in the New Testament. Extensive comparative study of the use of the LXX in the NT.
Scanlin, Harold P. The Text of the Septuagint in the New Testament. Extensive review of published studies on the use of the LXX in the NT.

Miscellaneous

Canessa, André. Le premier livre d'Esdras dans la Septante 1997. Translation and commentary of the LXX version of I Esdras, part of the author's doctoral thesis. This site also has other helpful LXX articles and Greek and Hebrew fonts.
Conybeare, F.C. and Stock, St. George. Grammar of Septuagint Greek. CCEL, 1905. Grammar of the LXX.
Jones, R. Grant. Notes on the Septuagint. Collection of essays and articles on the LXX. Of note are comparative studies with the MT, NT, and Qumran.
Jones, R. Grant. The Septuagint in Early Christian Writings.
K-J, Abram. How to Read and Understand the Göttingen Septuagint: A Short Primer.
Lind, Sarah. Resources for LXX Study. Newsletter, United Bible Societies. Highlights recent trends in LXX scholarship.

Theological Assessments

Christian: Catholic

Vander Heeren, A. Septuagint Version. Catholic Encyclopedia, 1912.

Christian: Eastern Orthodox

Bockman, John. Letter to the editor [of The Struggler]. 2000.
Boumis, Panayiotis. The Canons of the Church regarding the Canons of the Holy Bible. 1986. Includes charts.
Kalvesmaki, Joel. All Scripture Is Inspired by God: Thoughts on the Old Testament Canon. 1996.
Mastrantonis, Fr. George. The Bible: its original languages and English translations. Greek Archdiocese of America.
Nathanael, Bp. (Vienna and Austria). The Orthodox Bible. Gnisios, 1962.
Stergiou, Fr. R. The Old Testament in the Orthodox Church. Voice in the Wilderness. Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia

Christian: Protestant

Anderson, Debra E. The Septuagint: God's Blessing on Translation. Trinitarian Bible Society.
Ballard, Peter. The Septuagint.
Devoted to Truth. Sword of the Spirit.

Jewish

Cohen, Menachem. The Idea of the Sanctity of the Biblical Text and the Science of Textual Criticism. Australia National University. Touches on the LXX as it affects Jewish perception of the Bible.
Prero, Rabbi Yehudah. The Tenth of Teves - A Fast for Torah. Torah.
Toy, Crawford Howell, and Richard Gottheil. Bible Translations. JewishEncyclopedia.com article.

Book Reviews

Kalvesmaki, Joel. Bibliography of Book Reviews (1954-99) Sorted by date, reviewer, title. This list is rather jumbled and is not organized very effectively, but it has an extensive list of book reviews on the LXX. Source files (Procite).

• Ausloos, H., et al., eds., Translating a Translation: The LXX and Its Modern Translations in the Context of Early Judaism (Reviewer: Tuukka Kauhanen, RBL)
• Beck, John A. Translators as Storytellers: A Study in Septuagint Translation Technique (Reviewer: Roger Good, RBL)
• Brown, Structure, Role, and Ideology in the Hebrew and Greek Texts of Genesis 1:1-2:3 (Reviewer: John C. Endres, RBL)
• Cignelli and Pierri, Sintassi di greco biblico (LXX e NT): Quaderno 1.A: Le Concordanze (Reviewer: Dirk Jongkind, RBL)
• Cimosa, Guida allo studio della Bibbia Greca (LXX). Storia, Lingua, Testi, Societé Biblica Britannica & Forestiera (Reviewer: Lorenzo Perrone, Adamantius)
• Cook, The Septuagint of Proverbs: Jewish and/or Hellenistic Proverbs? Concerning the Hellenistic Colouring of LXX Proverbs (Reviewer: Claude Cox, Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism)
• Day, Three Faces of a Queen (Reviewer: Sidnie White Crawford, RBL)
• Dines, The Septuagint (Reviewer: Richard S. Hess, Denver Journal)
• Dines, The Septuagint (Reviewer: Michael A. Knibb,RBL)
• Evans, Verbal Syntax in the Greek Pentateuch: Natural Greek Usage and Hebrew Interference (Reviewer: Tim McLay, RBL)
• Fernández-Marcos, Introducción a las versiones griegas de la Biblia (Reviewer: Michael H. Floyd, RBL)
• Gentry, The Asterisked Materials in the Greek Job (Reviewer: Johann Cook, Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism)
• Greenspoon and Munich, VIII Congress of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies: Paris 1992 (Reviewer: Gerard Norton, TC)
• Greenspoon and Munich, VIII Congress of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies: Paris 1992 (Reviewer: Gary N. Knoppers, RBL)
• Hanhart, Studien zur Septuaginta und zum hellenistischen Judentum (Reviewer: Martin Rösel, Bookreviews.org)
• Harl et al., ed., La bible d'Alexandrie: Les douze prophétes 4-9, Joël, Abdiou, Jonas, Naoum, Ambakoum, Sophonie (Reviewer: Melvin K. H. Peters, RBL)
• Hengel, The Septuagint as Christian Scripture: Its Prehistory and the Problem of Its Canon (Reviewer: Kristen De Troyer, RBL)
• Jobes, The Alpha-text of Esther (Reviewer: Tim McLay, RBL)
• Jobes and Silva, Invitation to the Septuagint (Reviewer: Clayton Sterling Bartholomew, TC)
• Jobes and Silva, Invitation to the Septuagint (Reviewer: James Barr, Bookreviews.org)
• Jobes and Silva, Invitation to the Septuagint (Reviewer: Richard S. Hess, Denver Journal)
• Kugel, Traditions of the Bible: A Guide to the Bible as It Was at the Start of the Common Era (Reviewer: Robert Kugler, TC)
• Lust, Eynikel, Hauspie, A Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (Reviewer: Bernard Taylor, TC)
• McLay, The OG and Th Versions of Daniel (Reviewer: Leonard Greenspoon, RBL)
• McLay, The Use of the Septuagint in New Testament Research (Reviewers: Robert Hiebert, Tobias Nicklas, RBL)
• Meadowcroft, Aramaic Daniel and Greek Daniel (Reviewer: Bernard A. Taylor, RBL)
• Müller, The First Bible of the Church: A Plea for the Septuagint (Reviewer: Emerson B. Powery, RBL)
• Muraoka, ed., A Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (Twelve Prophets) (Reviewer: M. Eugene Boring, RBL)
• Muraoka, Hebrew/Aramaic Index to the Septuagint Keyed to the Hatch-Redpath Concordance (Reviewer: Gary N. Knoppers, RBL)
• Muraoka, Hebrew/Aramaic Index to the Septuagint Keyed to the Hatch-Redpath Concordance (Reviewer: Wieland Willker, LXX list) Must be a member of the LXX list to read this.
• Muraoka, Hebrew/Aramaic Index to the Septuagint Keyed to the Hatch-Redpath Concordance (Reviewer: Richard S. Hess, Denver Journal)
• Pietersma, trans., A New English Translation of the Septuagint and the Other Greek Translations Traditionally Included under that Title: The Psalms (Reviewer: Gerard J. Norton, TC)
• Schams, Jewish Scribes in the Second-Temple Period (Reviewers: Judith Newman and John W. Wright, RBL).
• Schaper, Eschatology in the Greek Psalter (Reviewer: Melvin K. H. Peters, RBL)
• Seeligman, The Septuagint Version of Isaiah and Cognate Studies (Reviewer: Arie Van Der Kooij, RBL)
• Sollamo, Repetition of the Possessive Pronouns in the Septuagint (Reviewer: David L. Washburn, Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism). Includes response by the author.
• Steyn, Septuagint Quotations in the Context of the Petrine and Pauline Speeches of the Acta Apostolorum (Reviewer: Marion L. Soards, RBL).
• Tauberschmidt, Secondary Parallelism: A Study of Translation Technique in LXX Proverbs (Reviewers: Anna Soumeka, Michael V Fox, RBL)
• Taylor, ed., X Congress of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies, Oslo, 1998 (Reviewer: Tim McLay, RBL).
• Tov, ed., The Greek and Hebrew Bible: Collected Essays on the Septuagint (Reviewer: Martin Roesel, RBL).
• van der Kooij, The Oracle of Tyre The Septuagint of Isaiah XXIII as Version and Vision (Reviewer: Tim McLay, RBL)
• Vanderkam, An Introduction to Early Judaism (Reviewer: Pablo Torijano Morales, RBL)
• Wevers, Notes on the Greek Text of Numbers (Reviewer: Martin Rösel, RBL)

Bibliography

Adamantius. LXX
Kalvesmaki, Joel. Bibliography of Articles on the Septuagint (1949-1998) Sorted by date, author. This list is rather jumbled and is not organized very effectively, but it has an extensive list of articles on the LXX. Source files (Procite).
Kalvesmaki, Joel. Bibliography of Books and Essays on the Septuagint (1561-1999) Sorted by date, author, title. This list is rather jumbled and is not organized very effectively, but it has an extensive list of books on the LXX. Source files (Procite).
Kalvesmaki, Joel. Bibliography of Reviews of Books on the Septuagint (1954-1999) Sorted by date, reviewer, title. This list is rather jumbled and is not organized very effectively, but it has an extensive list of book reviews on the LXX. Source files (Procite).
Lust, Johan. Selective bibliography. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. This link unstable.
United Bible Societies Septuagint Bibliography [Word file ] (2000)